1Aug 13, 2018, Sharp Growth In Autonomous Car Market Value Predicted But May Be Stalled By Rise In Consumer Fear, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/edgarsten/2018/08/13/sharp-growth-in-autonomous-car-market-value-predicted-but-may-be-stalled-by-rise-in-consumer-fear/#6b347bb7617c
2Autonomous Vehicle Market Outlook - 2026 - https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/autonomous-vehicle-market
3Market Forecast for connected and autonomous vehicles, July 210, Transport Systems Catapult.
4Accelerating the Future: The Economic Impact of the Emerging Passenger Economy , June 2017, Intel report compiled by Strategy Analytics. https://newsroom.intel.com/newsroom/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2017/05/passenger-economy.pdf?cid=em-elq-26916&utm_source=elq&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=26916&elq_cid=1494219
5Smart Sustainable Cities, UN University, 2016, http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:5825/Smart_Sustainable_Cities_v2final.pdf
6Smart City Demonstrators. A global review of challenges and lessons learned, Future Cities Catapult. March 2018
7Ibid. 5
8See annex a for definitions
9https://www.wired.com/2015/07/hackers-remotely-kill-jeep-highway/
10See for instance the UK Governments guide. The key principles of vehicle cyber security for connected and automated vehicles, Published 6 August 2017, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/principles-of-cyber-security-for-connected-and-automated-vehicles/the-key-principles-of-vehicle-cyber-security-for-connected-and-automated-vehicles
11As reported by Engadget, 10th April 2019
12Smart cities: Turning the dream into a reality, Research by ATG Access, November 2018 https://www.atgaccess.com/smart-cities-white-paper
13International Case Studies of Smart Cities, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, Discussion paper IDB-DP-462, Inter American Development Bank, 2016
14For example see Trade and Investment under Policy Uncertainty: Theory and Firm Evidence, Kyle Handley and Nuno Limao , December 2014, on impacts of trade policy uncertainty, or Baker, S.; Bloom, N., and Davis, S. 2016. Measuring economic policy uncertainty. Quarterly Journal of Economics 131:4, 1593-1636
15http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/18/contents/enacted
16https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/automated-vehicles/
17See https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/connected-and-automated-mobility-europe , for a summary of EU initiatives
18https://mobilit.belgium.be/nl/nieuws/nieuwsberichten/2018/testen_met_autonome_voertuigen_de_federale_minister_van_mobiliteit_mag
19https://www.economie.gouv.fr/loi-pacte-croissance-transformation-entreprises
20https://www.statista.com/topics/3202/automobile-industry-in-germany/
21Vienna Convention of Road Traffic 1968 , https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/conventn/crt1968e.pdf
22Gesetz zur Änderung der Artikel 8 und 39 des Übereinkommens vom 8. November 1968 über den Straßenverkehr
23Autonomous Vehicles Readiness Index, KPMG, 2018 https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/nl/pdf/2018/sector/automotive/autonomous-vehicles-readiness-index.pdf
24Safely Ensuring Lives Future Deployment and Research In Vehicle Evolution Act, 2017
25American Vision for Safer Transportation Through Advancement of Revolutionary Technologies, https://www.commerce.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/1fb8fa36-331b-4f0b-907a-6dededda4d31/37F56742A509A877F54FDF7389DFDAA7.s.-1885-av-start-act.pdf
26https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/13069a-ads2.0_090617_v9a_tag.pdf
27Global Survey of Autonomous Vehicle Regulations, Synced , 2018
28http://english.www.gov.cn/state_council/ministries/2018/04/13/content_281476110368454.htm
29https://e27.co/singapores-latest-regulatory-sandbox-concentrate-transportation-20170208/
30See for example Law Society of England and Wales report on AI in Criminal Justice https://www.lawsociety.org.uk/support-services/research-trends/algorithm-use-in-the-criminal-justice-system-report/ , or Partnership for AI’s report on machine learning in risk assessment tools. https://www.partnershiponai.org/report-on-machine-learning-in-risk-assessment-tools-in-the-u-s-criminal-justice-system/
31http://nuffieldbioethics.org/news/2018/big-ethical-questions-artificial-intelligence-ai-healthcare
32The ethics of algorithms: Mapping the debate , Brent Daniel Mittelstadt, Patrick Allo, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Sandra Wachter, Luciano Floridi. Published in Big Data and Society, December 1, 2016
33https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldai/100/100.pdf or Germany https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Pressemitteilungen/2017/128-dobrindt-massnahmenplan-ethikregeln-fahrcomputer.html
34https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai
35https://ethicsinaction.ieee.org/
36AAA: American Trust in Autonomous Vehicles Slips, May 22, 2018. 73% of U.S. adults surveyed saying they would be too afraid to ride in a fully self-driving vehicle, up from 63% in a similar survey taken in late 2017
37Corporate Ethics in a Digital Age, Peter Montagnon, IBE, June 2019
38Ibid 37
39Putting technology to good use for society: the role of corporate, competition and tax law John Armour et al, Journal of the British Academy, 6(s1), 285–321 2018
40How Big Tech is struggling with the ethics of AI, Financial Times, April 2019,
41Ibid 40
42https://www.ibm.com/blogs/policy/trust-principles/